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The Range Statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Add any essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts. |
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Anatomical and physiological concepts include: | Anatomical position and directional termsRegional termsBody planes and sectionsBody cavities and membranesAbdomino-pelvic regions and quadrants |
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Levels of organisation refer to: | Chemical level:matter and energymolecules, mixtures and compoundschemical bondschemical reactionsinorganic compoundsorganic compoundsCellular level:structurefunctionstransport systemsorganellesgrowth and reproductionTissue level types, function and structure of:epithelial tissueconnective tissueepithelial membranesnervous tissuemuscle tissueOrgan levelOrgan/body system levelOrganismal level |
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Structure and function of body systems must include but are not limited to the normal structure and function of the: | Integumentary system:the skin and its layersskin colourappendages of the skinfunctions of the skinprocesses of thermoregulationhomeostatic imbalances of the skindevelopmental aspects of the skinSkeletal system:bone tissue, its formation and classificationclassification of bones, skeletal cartilages and jointsstructure and functions of bonebone homeostasis, growth and repairthe parts of the axial and appendicular skeletonsrange of motion of jointsMuscular system:mechanics of musclestypes, function and structure of muscle tissueprocesses of muscle contractionNervous system including:development of neuronsnervous tissueneurophysiologyneural integrationcentral nervous systemperipheral nervous systemautonomic nervous systemsensation and somatic senses of pain and touchspecial senses of taste, smell, vision, hearing, and balanceEndocrine system:anatomy and physiology of organs and structuresneuroendocrine regulationaction of hormoneshormone classificationcontinued ... |
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Structure and function of body systems must include but are not limited to the normal structure and function of the: (contd) | Cardiovascular system:-Blood: components and characteristicsgroupsclottingHeart:structure and functionblood flowconduction systemECG complexfunction and outputcardiac cycle, stroke volume and heart rateheart soundsBlood vessels and haemodynamics: structure and functionresponse to blood volume, pressure and perfusionpressure cascadesblood and pulse pressurescirculatory routesLymphatic system:organs, tissues, nodes and vesselslymphocytesImmune system:protective functionsnon-specific resistanceimmunologic responseinflammatory responsenatural and artificially acquired immunityRespiratory system:structure, function and protective mechanismsgas lawsdiffusion of respiratory gasesgas exchange (Boyle; Dalton; Charles; Henry)external and internal ventilation and respiration.principles of lung volumes: minute volume and oxygenationtransportation of respiratory gasesDigestive system:structure and functionprocessesUrinary system:structure and functionurine compositionmicturition reflexcontinued ... |
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Structure and function of body systems must include but are not limited to the normal structure and function of the: (contd) | Reproductive systems:structure and function (male and female)female reproductive cyclemyosisdevelopment of gametesgenetics |
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Homeostasis means: | Maintenance of internal environment including:body temperaturebody fluid composition (e.g. nutrient absorption by digestive system, nutrient distribution by cardiovascular system, absorption of oxygen and elimination of carbon dioxide by respiratory system, control of nutrient loss by urinary system)body fluid volume (e.g. absorption of water from digestive system, loss of water through skin, distribution of water by cardiovascular system)elimination of wastes from the bodymaintenance of blood pressureprotection from infectionphysical activity active and passive |
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Standard methods and protocols may include: | Clinical practice guidelinesOrganisation protocolsSkills manualsState/territory ambulance authority regulations and/or operational proceduresInternationally recognised scales, charts, guidelines and surveys (e.g. Glasgow coma scale, dermatome charts, blood pressure reading scales, national asthma guidelines) |
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Cellular metabolism involves: | Cellular respirationAcid base balanceAnaerobic and aerobic energy production |
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Body temperature maintenance includes: | Metabolism of nutrientsEnergy balanceHeat exchange |
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Common pharmacological terminology includes: | Therapeutic doseToxic doseTitrationHalf lifeIndicationContra-indicationSide-effectToleranceIdiosyncrasy and allergyCumulative actionAntagonismSynergism |
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Pharmacology includes: | Preparation, properties, uses and actions of drugsCommon drug forms:creamssuspensionstabletspessarieslotionscapsuleslozengessuppositoriesinjectablesgasesvapoursaerosol powdersSafe storage, handling and disposal of drugs |
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Pharmacokinetics refers to: | Routes of administration, including:enteral; oral, sublingual, rectalparenteral; intravenous, intramuscular, inhalation, endotracheal, topical, pessary/doucheAbsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs by the body |
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Pharmacodynamics refers to: | Drug interactionsPharmacological response of drugs associated with the state/territory ambulance service protocols/ guidelinesDuration and magnitude of response associated with the state/territory ambulance service protocols/ guidelines |
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Rapid stabilisation and transport includes: | Golden HourChain of survivalTime criticalPriority statusTransport consideration e.g. ground or aeromedical |
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Kinematics of trauma refers to: | Predicting injury patterns resulting from the forces and motions of energyPredicting injury patterns resulting from the absence of essentials such as oxygenIntegrate the relationship between anatomy and the kinematics of trauma with assessment findings to develop an index of suspicion for specific injuries |
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Principles of energy exchange includes: | Physical laws of energy exchange (ie Newton's laws of motion)CavitationTypes of trauma, including:blunt (e.g. MVA/Motor bike including pedestrian injury, organ collision and restraint injuries, falls and blasts)penetrating |
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Critical questioning refers to: | Purposeful, informed questioning in the clinical setting to make sense of the information presented at the scene of injury or illness |
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Diagnostic reasoning refers to: | Using critical questioning in the clinical setting which requires careful identification of key problems, issues, and the risks involved in responding to client needs |
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Specific client conditions, disorders and injuries to be assessed and managed include: | Compromised integumentary system:Epidermal wound healingDeep wound healing including the inflammatory responseWound infection Burns trauma:Any injury caused by the interaction of energy (thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation) with biological matter:pathophysiology of burns injurieslocal and systemic responsesclassifications of burn injuryextent and severity of burns injury e.g. Rule of Nines, Lund and Browder chartPathophysiology of burn shockMusculo-skeletal system medical disorder or trauma:Homeostatic imbalances of bone, cartilage and muscle including inherited, inflammatory and degenerative conditions Pathophysiology of musculo-skeletal injury including:soft tissue injury (i.e. closed wounds) e.g. contusion, haematoma and crush injuryopen wounds e.g. abrasion, laceration, puncture, avulsion, amputation, and bitecauses and types of fracturesdislocations, strains and sprains Crush injuries and compartment syndromeSpecial circumstances:Medico-legal and ethical considerationsNeurological insult:brain injury including: concussion; contusion; Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI); types of haematomatraumatic brain injury including: primary and secondary injury; cerebral perfusion; raised intracranial pressure; herniation; cerebral agitation or irritation; Cushing's triadcerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism and cerebral haemorrhagetransient ischaemic attack (TIA)continued ... |
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Specific client conditions, disorders and injuries to be assessed and managed include: (contd) | Spinal injury:knowledge of sensory and motor functionsreflex arc e.g. autonomic dysreflexiacardiovascular changesMental health and behavioural disorders:psychological theory collaborative approach to the care of clients and families with altered mental health status legal and ethical nursing issues issues related to psychosocial careMetabolic disorders:nutritional disordersbody temperaturehomeostatic imbalances associated with metabolic rateassessment findings of endocrinologic disorders including: diabetes mellitus, thyroid and adrenalPoisoning, envenomation or overdose emergency:neurotoxins; myotoxins; haemotoxinsillicit and prescribedchemical, biological and radiologicalCardiovascular:cardiovascular insultdysrhythmiascardiac disease hypotension/hypertensionblood diseases e.g. leukaemia; anaemia and sickle-cellHypoperfusion:posture and venous returnstages of shock.classifications of shock, including hypovolaemic, cardiogenic and distributivecomplications of shockImmunological conditions (infectious diseases e.g. meningococcal) hypersensitivity Respiratory disorders or thoracic trauma:pathophysiology associated with e.g. asthma, ARDS, pneumonia, emphysema, COPDAbdominal disorders or trauma:abdominal pain - somatic, visceral and referredassessment techniques:quadrants and regionsexternal signsgastro-intestinal bleedingdisorders e.g. appendicitis, gastro-enteritis, hepatitiscontinued ... |
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Specific client conditions, disorders and injuries to be assessed and managed include: (contd) | Urogenital disorders or trauma:acute and chronic renal failuredialysisUTIObstetric/gynaecological disorders (e.g. ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, vaginal haemorrhage, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis):pre-delivery emergenciespost-delivery emergenciesGenetic disordersDrugs or fluid therapies associated with body system trauma or medical disorder |
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Specific categories of clients to be assessed must include but are not limited to: | Adult client (male and female)Obstetric client:anatomic and physiologic changes associated with pregnancystages of labourassessing neonate body temperatureAPGARabnormal pregnancy and deliveryimpact of other clinical considerations e.g. traumaNeonatal and paediatric client:differences in paediatric and adult anatomy and physiology - paediatric airway issuescommunication issuesdisease processespharmacodynamics of drugsimpact of other clinical considerations e.g. traumaGeriatric client:normal anatomical and physiological changes associated with ageingimpact of pre-existing medical problemspharmacodynamics of drugsimpact of other clinical considerations e.g. trauma |
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